10^th International Conference on Agriculture & Horticulture October 02-04, 2017 London, UK

Biography:

Abdul Khalil Gardezi is a distinguished Scientist and academic member of the Hydro Science Center, Postgraduate College in Agriculture Science in Mexico, since 1981. He has received distinctions for teaching, research and service from 1988 until 2016. He has been selected for the originality of his research, presented as the best paper and oral presentation from 2003 to 2016 in international congresses in Australia, Canada, China, Great Britain, Italy, Mexico and USA. He has published more than 190 papers. He has been honored among 2000 outstanding intellectuals of the 21st century by the International Biographical Center Cambridge, England.

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) is a tropical crop, member of the Malvaceae family. Its flowers are widely used in Mexico, and other countries in infusions, deserts, and other food items. It is cultivated in small plots with low technology. A sustainable low cost technology is needed to increase the profits of the farmers.

Materials & Methods: The study was done under greenhouse conditions. Two soils were used. One came from a parcel irrigated with sewage water and the other one was irrigated with clean water from a well. Half of the treatments were inoculated with Glomus intraradices. Vermicompost was applied as a source of organic matter. Four doses were applied.

Findings: There were significant differences (p≤0.05) in all the variables recorded due to the treatments. The soil irrigated with contaminated water originated higher plant height and stem diameter, a better shoot and root development, and most importantly an increased fresh and dry weight of the calyx. The plants inoculated with Glomus intraradices had better shoot and root growth (p≤0.05). Vermicompost, as source of organic matter, also had a positive effect on roselle growth. Flower length, shoot fresh weight, and leaf area augmented with the application of higher quantities of organic matter (50 and 75 t ha^-1).

Conclusion & Significance: Irrigation with sewage water, inoculation with Glomus intraradices, and higher quantities of vermicompost can be used to increase the calix yields on roselle. The use of mycorrhiza can help to overcome the negative effects of contaminated waters, and other environmental and biological stresses. Recommendations are made to validate this result under field conditions.

Biography:

Asiwe J A N is currently a Plant Breeder and an Integrated Pest Management Specialist at University of Limpopo, South Africa. He has several years of experience with successful track record in different aspects of commercial agriculture, food security, research and development in sub Saharan Africa (SSA) with significant impacts on legumes (cowpea, Bambara groundnut and soybeans), root and tuber crops (cassava and yam), cereals (maize, wheat and barley), intercropping systems (legumes with maize, sorghum/millet) in cross-setting professional areas (plant breeding, entomology and pest management, biotechnology and technology dissemination). He also possesses strong management and leadership skills in the following areas: strategic planning and implementation for distinctive competitive advantage and project management. Others include training and human capital development, financial management, sourcing funds for projects.

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: Cowpea is an important grain legume. It is cultivated because it is rich in protein (20-24%), minerals and vitamins which are important for human and animal nutrition. One of the major cowpea production constraints in South Africa is lack of improved varieties. To fast track the development of improved cowpea varieties to meet the needs of farmers, improved varieties were introduced and multiplied to increase seeds for further field assessments.

Aim: The objective of this study was to determine the nutrient, mineral contents and other quality traits of 32 cowpea lines obtained from GeneBank collections of University of Limpopo. This will assist the breeder in ascertaining their usefulness and plan on how to deploy their quality traits in breeding programme.

Materials & Methods: Dry seeds of varieties obtained from the seed multiplication programme were milled to fine powder, arranged in complete randomized design and analysed in three replications. Nutrient and mineral contents determined included (crude protein (CP), Ca, Na, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn, P, K and moisture.

Findings: Results showed that the varieties exhibited significant (P<0.05) variations for the nutrients and mineral determined except for P, Cu and moisture. 10 lines performed better than two local control varieties (Glenda (24%) and Bechuana white (20%) in crude protein content with a range of 25-30%. Similarly, many varieties exhibited higher mineral content than the two local controls. Quality of grains of the varieties in terms of seed coat color, texture, eye-color and size also varied significantly.

Conclusions & Significance: The study not only demonstrated that many of the improved cowpea lines are better than local checks in nutrient contents and other quality traits, but has provided data base for utilizing the promising lines in breeding programme for the development of new cowpea germplasm with better quality traits and consumer preference. 

Biography:

Birgit Steininger has her expertise in Horticultural Therapy and Green Care. Developing the field of Horticultural Therapy and Green Care in Austria, she developed a University Certificate Degree in Horticultural Therapy and a Master’s Degree “Green Care: pedagogic, consultative and therapeutic Interventions with Animals and Plants”. Connecting agriculture and horticulture with human health and well-being as well as teaching and establishing research is the focus of her work at Agrarian and Environmental University College Vienna.

Abstract:

Statement of Problem: Gardening and garden related activities gain ground in learning and health promotion. Two main questions occurred: In which ways do gardens and places provide well-being and health? To what extent are activities (gardening or social interaction) relevant to promote well-being and health? Aim of this study is to find out benefits of gardens on human health and well-being.

Method: Using electronic databases, a comprehensive search of peer reviewed papers published between 1980 and November 2015 was conducted.

Results & Discussion: The reviewed papers showed that no clear separable answer for the main questions is possible, a highly complex interaction exists, and place and activity interact strongly. Research on private gardens is dedicated to all population groups. Existing research shows that private gardening is healthy for older persons. It is a meaningful activity that can be matched to the physical and psychological ability. Garden and nature activate and relax body and mind; research on community gardens focuses on interactive, communicative and connecting mechanisms while gardening for local food production; research on school grounds is related to the effects on school performance and their eating habits. Positive effects could be described; the main task of healing gardens is the promotion of intellectual and physical health, well-being and quality of life. Mainly positive outputs have been described, but persons with dementia can show negative effects as well. Physical benefits include higher levels of physical activity, better motor skills, and healthier nutrition behavior. Mental benefits include reduced mental stress, improved mood, better cognitive functioning, experienced achievement, and development and maintenance of identity in the garden. Social benefits include sharing knowledge and produce, better learning, feelings of social cohesion, and community involvement. These positive findings encourage application of garden-based-interventions.

Recommendations: The given body of knowledge encourages practical applications of garden-related interventions. These interventions should be planned with care and evaluated using established methods. 

Biography:

Niladri Paul received his B.Sc (Ag.) Hons degree in 2005 from Viswa Bharati, M.Sc (Ag) and Ph.D degree in Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science in 2007 and 2013, respectively. He secured first class in all examinations. He started his carrier as an Agricultural Officer under Government of Tripura in 2007 followed by as an Assistant Professor in Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry at College of Agriculture, Tripura in 2014. He had obtained Young Scientist Award in Acharya Prafulla Chandra Ray memorial symposium and celebration of International year of chemistry - 2011. He has 19 research publications and co-author of a Bengali book. He is regular in local daily and external examiner / paper setter in different Agricultural Universities. He is Editorial Board member in 5 journals. He is trained in Agri-Business Management, GIS application, biofertilizer production, watershed management.

Abstract:

The influence of organic matter vis-a-vis humic acids on the availability of nutrient status and its impact on the cultivation of rice (Variety MTU 1010) followed by mustard (Variety B-9), was studied in Typic Fluvaquent soil under Old Alluvial zone of West Bengal, India. Soil texture was identified as sandy clay loam, bulk density 1.34 Mg m^-3, oxidizable OC 1.16 g 100gm^-1, pH 6.34, total nitrogen 0.14 g 100gm^-1, available phosphate, potash and sulphate 25.90, 127.40, 39.56 kg ha-1, respectively. Soils received recommended doses of fertilizers for cultivation of paddy (N:P₂O₅:K₂O::60:30:30) followed by mustard (N:P₂O₅:K₂O::80:40:40) along with FYM at 5.0 and 2.5 t ha^-1, both Commercial and FYM extracted humic acid (CHA & EHA) at 0.5, 0.25 kg ha^-1, respectively as per treatment combinations and following RBD treatment. Rhizosphere soil (0-15 cm) and plant samples were periodically collected and analysed for C:N ratio, available phosphate, potash and sulphur with their integral effect on crop growth. At PI and branching stages of paddy and mustard, the highest content of available phosphate, potash and sulphur was recorded and gradually decreasd towards harvesting stage. EHA resulted highest availability of phosphate and sulphur, however CHA enhanced the content of potash in soil, resulted significant uptake of nutrients within plants and qualitative enrichment through biometric parameters and yield.

Biography:

Kawsar Ali completed his PhD at the age of 26 years. He got his PhD Degree from the university of Agriculture Peshawar Pakistan. He also worked with Prof. Davey Jones of Environment Center Wales (Bangor University) in his lab. He God Two Gold Medals in his academic career. He Published more than 60 Papers in well reputed impact factor journals around the globe. He is also working as Editor-in-Chief of International Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Research (www.ijaaer.com). Currently he is working on soil nuteints management and plant organic nitrogen uptake.

Abstract:

Formulation of amino acid N fertilizer and uptake of organic N by plants has the ability not only to ensure N availability to plants particularly in N-limiting environments but also can manipulate the environmental hazards associated with over inorganic N fertilization. To support this view, clear experimental evidence is still lacking. In addition, the current experiments aimed to evaluate the uptake of organic N (Amino acid based N fertilizer) by plants in comparison with inorganic fertilizer (ammonia and nitrate) and investigate the mineralization rate of amino acid fertilizers. Overall commercial amino acid performed superior in terms of plant growth and mineralization over pure amino acid fertilizer and inorganic N fertilizer. All plants measured parameters (shoot and root biomass, leaf chlorophyll content and tissue N content) were highest in plant samples treated with commercial amino acid fertilizer as compared to pure amino acid and inorganic N fertilizer. It is therefore concluded that organic N may be of only limited consequence in high input agricultural systems.

Biography:

Tawfik M M is a Professor of field crops. He completed his Graduation from Plant department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University. He worked at National Research Centre, Dokki, Egypt since 1985. He is interested in the field of forage production, bio-saline agriculture and climate change researches. He has published 101 papers, six books and chapters in books. In addition, he actively participated in oral lecture in 21 international conferences outside Egypt, actively organized many national conferences, workshops and forums in Egypt. He organized and implemented many scientific training in the NRC and many other international and national organizations. He is also working as an Editor in many national and international journals.

Abstract:

Applying organic farming systems in bio saline agriculture is unconventional approach for sustainable using of marginal soil and desert land for planting non-traditional halophytic crops such as Atriplex sp. These plants are highly salt tolerant C4 halophytic forage plants grown well in coastal salt marsh. It has a special place in newly emerging farming systems, especially in coastal areas and where freshwater resources are not available or in short supply. We can call it environmentally smart crops because it ensures food security, contribute to energy security, guarantee environmental sustainability, and tolerate the negative impacts of climate change. Organic agriculture is the most important and widely practiced agro-ecological farming system. It is claimed to be the most sustainable approach and long term adaptation strategy. It emphasizes recycling techniques and low external input and high output strategies. It is based on enhancing soil fertility and diversity at all levels and makes soils less susceptible to erosion. It is also reported to be climate change resilience farming systems as it promotes the proper management of soil, water, biodiversity and local knowledge and provide producers with ecologically sound management decisions. A field experiment was carried out at the Model Farm of National Research Centre, El Tour, South Sinai to study the impact of (charcoal 4 tons/fed, chicken manure 5 tons/fed and compost 5 tons/fed. In addition to control treatment) on some growth characters, photosynthetic pigments content, crude protein content and some physiological aspects as well as nutritive values of two halophytic plant species (Atriplex halimus and Atriplex nummularia). Our results showed that organic fertilizer treatment enhanced all the previous character as compared with control with superiority to chicken manure over the other treatments.

Biography:

Salah Abdel-Rahman is a Professor of molecular genetics at Department of Nucleic Acid Research Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications Alexandria, Egypt. PhD in 2003, Department of Molecular Animal Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Horticulture, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany. Dr. Salah has an expertise in Mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting production traits on different chromosomes in farm animals using microsatellite markers. Improvement of quantitative production traits (meat, milk, fertility, wool…etc) in farm animals using marker-assisted selection (MAS). Detection of adulteration and identification of meat and milk plus genetically modified organisms (GMOs) using molecular genetics techniques. DNA fingerprinting and national animals and plants genetic sources preservation.

Abstract:

PCR and PCR-RFLP techniques were used for rapid and sensitive identification and authentication of species-specific meat (buffalo, camel, cat, cattle, dog, donkey, goat, horse, pig and sheep) and milk products (buffalo, camel, cattle, goat and sheep). PCR products of the gene encoding SSR region were 603, 603, ≤100 and 374 bp in buffalo, cattle, pig and sheep, respectively. For discrimination between buffalo and cattle, the amplified cytochrome b gene (359 bp) was digested by TaqI restriction enzyme. Two fragments 191 and 168 bp were generated in buffalo, whereas no digestion occurred in cattle (359 bp). PCR products were 672, 808, 221 and 221 bp in cat, dog, donkey and horse, respectively. To discriminate between donkey and horse, PCR product of mt-DNA in both donkey and horse (359 bp) was digested by AluI restriction enzyme. Three fragments 189, 96 and 74 bp were generated in horse, whereas no fragments were obtained in donkey (359 bp). PCR amplified fragment size was 300 bp in camel, while the fragment size in goat was 855 bp. The proposed PCR assay represents a quick and sensitive method applicable to the detection and authentication of meat and milk species-specific.

Biography:

Gautam Bhattacharjee completed his MSc in Zoology from the prestigious institution Visva-Bharati University Shantiniketan, West Bengal India, founded by Rabindranath Tagore. He worked as a Senior Research Fellow in a project of Indian Council of Agriculture and Research, New Delhi, under the guidance of Dr. P S Chaudhuri one of the greatest earthworm scientist of recent times. A detail work on earthworms of Tripura was carried out by him for the first time in Tripura from 1997-2002. During his research work, he reported 21 species of earthworms out of which two species were reported for the first time from Tripura. Beside this an excellent work on reproductive studies of seven tropical earthworms were done by him. He also carried out vermiculture of rubber leaf litters. He received scholarship from Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Fund, New Delhi. At present, he is working as an Assistant Professor of Zoology in a Government Degree College (Swami Vivekananda Mahavidyalaya, Tripura, India) and is engaged with research on earthworms and their coelomic fluid.

Abstract:

With fade out of the benefit of Green revolution, indiscriminate use of chemicals (pesticides and fertilizers) made the soil unproductive with loss of soil health. Paddy is the main food crop of India which following 1990 had a declining trend in production due to poor soil health. So the main aim of our study was to determine the optimum dose of vermicompost on the production of upland paddy (var. TRC-87-251). Vermicompost was obtained from worm- worked kitchen waste utilizing the earthworms, Perionyx excavatus. The field experiment was laid out in randomized block design technique (figure given below). The experimental plots received three different treatments i.e., different doses of vermicompost, the same doses of vermicompost along with recommended doses of NPK and only recommended doses of NPK. The control plot received neither NPK nor vermicompost. In total, there were 12 treatments marked as T₀, T₁, and T2… T₁₁. For each treatment, four replications were made. The size of each experimental plot was 5 m² (2.5 m x 2.5 m). The different doses of VC were 2.5 ton/ha, 5 ton/ha, 10 ton/ha, 15 ton/ha and 20 ton/ha. Recommended doses of NPK=60 Kg N/ha, 30 Kg P/ ha, 30 Kg K/ ha in the form of urea, single super phosphate and muriate of potash respectively. Result showed that recommended doses of NPK along with 5 tonnes vermicompost/ha was at par with 10 tonnes of vermicompost/ha and led to significant increase in crop and straw production along with the uptake of nutrients. From this result, it could be deduced that in the soils of Tripura a minimum of 10 tonnes vermicompost or 5 tonnes of vermicompost plus recommended doses of NPK may bring significant increase in production of rice grain and straw respectively. The field trial was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) technique comprising 12 treatments with 4 replications.

Biography:

Urea remains the most widely used nitrogen fertilizer worldwide. However, its massive losses during fertilization remain an impediment for its bio-availability to crops. Therefore, slowing down the leaching and volatilization of urea during crop fertilization has emerged as a solution to not only in saving the cost of food production but also preventing environmental damage caused by excess urea accumulation. Although, it has been suggested that nanotechnology might provide solutions to this difficult problem, thus far, practical strategies to do so have remained elusive. In this regard, we have developed urea coated hydroxyapatite nano-hybrid as a platform for slow release of nitrogen. Further, we argued that if the percentage of nitrogen in the above nanocomposite can be made close to that of urea, it would make such a solution economically viable. Thus, sol gel mixing of phosphoric acid and calcium hydroxide in the presence of urea gave rise to urea coated hydroxyapatite rod shaped nanoparticles containing 40% N. This resulting suspension was successfully flash dried to provide a stable solid nanocomposite with an average particle diameter of approximately 60 nm. The laboratory process was successfully scaled up to pilot plant without sacrificing the properties observed at the bench scale. It served as an unprecedented nitrogen slow release composition in water column studies at laboratory level. These encouraging results were validated by applying this nano-hybrid as a slow release nitrogen fertilizer formulation in farmer’s field trials for tea. The trials at farmer’s field level conducted in gravel soil (pH 4.5–5.0), with 50% reduction of the recommended amount of N as urea (293.5 kg/ha per year) and with the reduction of number of splits (2 splits per year) yielded an increase of 5% of the yield compared to the treatments conducted using urea (587 kg/ha per year, 4 splits). This nanotechnology based slow release fertilizer approaches therefore, have the capacity to multiply into many futuristic sustainable global fertilizer solutions.

Abstract:

Nilwala Kottegoda is a Professor in Chemistry at University of Sri Jayewardenepura, and a Principal Research Scientist at Sri Lanka Institute of Nanotechnology. She obtained her BSc in Chemistry from University of Peradeniya and PhD in Material Chemistry from University of Cambridge, UK. She is the principal author of few US patents which were granted for the research wok in nano agriculture and they are the first few patents granted to Sri Lanka for nanotechnology based innovations. She also received the national award for the best innovation with commercial potential in 2011 and the Third World Academy of Science Young Scientist award to Sri Lanka in 2013.

Biography:

Smita Purohit is presently working as a Senior Assistant Professor and Head in The IIS University, Jaipur, India. She has an expertise in the field of Plant Tissue Culture, Stress Physiology, Molecular Biology and Crop Science. The present research article signifies the effect of in vitro morphogenesis on antioxidative enzymes like SOD, CAT. These antioxidative enzyme systems provide crucial protection against oxidative stress imposed by reactive oxygen species.

Abstract:

The effect of ammonium nitrate (NH₄NO₃) on shoot bud induction and proliferation from nodal explants of Dianthus caryophyllus L. was investigated. Shoot buds were induced on MS medium supplemented with 2.2 µM BAP and 2.7 µM NAA. The induced shoot buds were sub-cultured on medium with same hormonal composition for their proliferation. Both shoot bud induction and proliferation media were supplemented with different levels of NH₄NO₃ (0, 5.15, 10.3, 20.61, 41.20 mM). NH₄NO₃ highly influenced the shoot bud formation and their subsequent proliferation. In the present investigation, NH₄NO₃ at one-fourth of MS level was found to be beneficial for controlling the hyperhydricity of regenerated shoots whereas the number of shoots was comparable to the control cultures. The MS or higher levels of NH₄NO₃ were observed to suppress healthy morphogenesis and resulted in increased hyperhydricity. The physiological disorder of hyperhydricity, commonly observed in carnation micro-propagation, was also controlled with 100% efficiency by reducing NH₄NO₃ at one-fourth of MS level. Antioxidant enzyme activity was minimum in normal and healthy shoots. The activity increased with increase in the number of hyperhydric shoots.

Biography:

Abstract:

Biography:

Shekharappa works as a Professor of Entomology in the Institute of Organic Farming, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, India. He has worked as an Instructor during 1988-1992 at College of Agriculture, Raichur; Assistant Plant Protection Specialist (Ent) during 1992-1996 at Extension Education Unit, Raichur; Asst. Entomologist during 1996-1997 at AICCIP, ARS, Dharwad Farm, Hebballi; Asst. Entomologist during 1997-2002 at AICRP on Midge, UAS, Dharwad; Sr. Entomologist during 2002-2010 at AICSIP, UAS, Dharwad; Professor (Entomology) 2010-2015 at AICSIP, UAS, Dharwad and currently working as a Professor of Entomology since 2015 at IOF, UAS, Dharwad. He has also trained Post graduate and PhD students. He was awarded “Environmentalist of the Year Award 2008” conferred by National Environmental Science Academy, New Delhi during 21^st Annual Conference held at Bangalore University, Bangalore, India.

Abstract:

The experiment was conducted to know the effect of organic, integrated and inorganic management practices on the incidence of insect pests in groundnut and cotton intercropping system during 2015-2016 to 2016-2017 at Institute of Organic Farming, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka, India. In groundnut, the per cent defoliation due to Spodoptera litura ranged from 11.5 to 16.75 in different farming systems. However, the incidence was more in organic as compared to integrated and inorganic management practices. Similarly, the studies made in cotton revealed that the per cent boll damage due to Helicoverpa armigera varied from 8.19 to 12.75 in different farming systems. The incidence of bollworms was less in integrated and RPP and found on par with each other and differed significantly with organic farming. The similar trend was observed with aphids and leafhoppers where as the incidence was less than ETL. The natural enemies’ viz., coccinellids and Chrysoperla were observed more in organic as compared to other farming systems.

Biography:

Jose Ramon Barros Cantalice is an Agricultural Engineer, PhD in Soil Science and Post-doctoral made at Texas A & M University, USA. He is currently Associate Professor of the Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco. He has experience in Agronomy, Environmental Engineering, with emphasis on Management, Soil Conservation, Water Conservation, Soil and Water Engineering, acting on the following topics: mechanics of erosion, sediment transport, rill and interrill erosion, design riparian zones, soil quality, sediment yield from watersheds in the semiarid, and relations of hydrology and cover of the shrubs. He is an Adviser of PhD and Master’s in Soil Science and Environmental Engineering.

Abstract:

Arid and semiarid areas has a hydrological rainfall pattern characterized by variability, intense rainfall, as the rainfall volumes are concentrated into short periods of time with widely varying temporal recurrence of rainfall events consequently, high peak flows occurred. In most of Brazil semiarid he conventional soil management still is burning for the establishment crops. In this soil use, the natural resources are under risk and prone to degradation. In this conditions the soil use capacity of semiarid watersheds is soon exceeded due to soil cover of shrub decrease. The major degradation sign is the water erosion that generates the sediment through interrill, rill and gully erosion. The fluvial systems of arid and semiarid environments are featured by periods without flow, and the suspended sediment transport can occur in high suspended sediment concentration values in ascending hydrograph, which are associated with the sediment in the entrainment threshold that deposited in the preceding year. In this context, we are developing a project in a small watershed with 14.71 km² (Carnauba Watershed from Brazilian semiarid) in which the farmers are seeding corn, beans and cactus without burn residues to prepare the soil through environmental compensation, as a mitigation to climate changes. In this project are included 10 farmers during two years in the Carnauba watershed, in which the flow and suspended sediment are been monitoring, and in the project end it will be expect to observe decrease in suspended sediment flux.

Biography:

P S Chaudhuri is a Professor of Zoology in Tripura University (A Central University) and did his PG and PhD from the Calcutta University, Kolkata. He is an eminent Earthworm Scientist with more than 80 research papers in national and international journals of repute. He is the author of the book “Kenchor Jeevan Baichitra: Kencho Prajukti (2006)” written in Bengali on the Biology and Ecology of Earthworms in North-East India with special emphasis on vermiculture and vermicomposting. He has participated in more than 25 National and International Symposia and visited Avignon (France) 1990, Vigo (Spain) in 1998, Cardiff (UK) 2002 and Shanghai (China) 2016 to present his research papers in International Symposia on Earthworm Ecology and Agricultural Sciences. He was elected as the Fellow of Zoological Society, Kolkata (1998) and Fellow of the Society of Applied Sciences, India (2010). His biography has been cited in the Who’s Who in Science and Engineering 2006-2007 (Marquis, USA). The Academic Forum of the Society of Earthworm Ecology and Environmental Research (SEEER) awarded Certificate of Appreciation to him as an Earthworm Biologist in 2012. He was selected as one of the “Inspiring Teacher of Tripura University”, Tripura in 2013. He has been honored with “Science Excellence Award” in 2015 and “Bharat Siksha Ratan Award” in 2016.

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: Vermicompost is a nutritive organic fertilizer rich in NPK, micronutrients, beneficial soil microbes and increases plant growth and its yield. Tea (Camellia sinensis) is an economically important and intensively managed cash crop in Tripura. Earthworms play a significant role in the structure of soils and its over-all above ground crop productivity.

Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: The present study was conducted during January 2015 to November 2016 at Harishnagar Tea estate (Tripura, India) to study the effects of different doses of vermicompost on tea production and earthworm population. The experiment was set up with 3 different amounts of vermicompost [T0 (control), T1 (5 tons ha^-1 yr^-1), T2 (10 tons ha^-1 yr^-1) and T3 (15 tons ha^-1 yr^-1)] each having 4 replicas in the plots of 2-year-old tea plants. Evaluation of different plant parameters was assessed. Earthworms were also collected by hand digging and sorting method during the experimental period to determine species composition, density and biomass. Composite soil samples from each experimental plot were collected for soil analysis.

Findings: Among all the experimental plots, highest values of pH (5.49), electrical conductivity (865 µMho), organic carbon (2.29%), available phosphorus (25.25 mg%) and potassium (60.25 mg%), TPC (0.522 mg GAE/g sample) and TFC (1.576 mg QEE/g sample) estimation of tea leaf was observed significantly in T3 plot in the second experimental period (2016). During the second year (2016), average leaf length (8.81 cm) and leaf width (3.55 cm), number of tea leaf plucks (10.17 plant^-1) and total leaf production (92.71 tons ha^-1 yr^-1) were significantly highest in the T3 plot. A total of only 3 earthworm species viz. exotic, Pontoscolex corethrurus (60%), Metaphire houlleti (24%) and native, Drawida assamensis (15%) were collected from the experimental plots. A significant (p<0.05) but gradual increase in density and biomass of earthworms were also recorded in the second year (2016) with the increase in the amounts of vermicompost. In fine, it is advocated that application of vermicompost in the tropical soils of tea agro-ecosystem promotes plant growth and increases the crop yield through increase in density and biomass of earthworms.

Biography:

Ebrahim Shokoohi is an Iranian Plant Pathologist, Nematologist, and Assistant Professor at Iranian University and Post-doctoral Fellow at North-West University of South Africa. His research focuses on plant-parasitic and beneficial nematodes. He has written several papers and book chapters after years of experience in research and teaching at university level. The main focusing of his research is on molecular and morphological taxonomy of nematodes.

Abstract:

Nematode surveys in South African grain crop production areas were conducted in maize and soybean fields, and weeds associated with the crops. The abundance, occurrence and identity of the economically most important nematode pests of such hosts were hence determined. Results indicated that Meloidogyne spp. and Pratylenchus spp. were generally the most abundant plant-parasitic nematode crops infecting these crops and weeds. However, Meloidogyne spp. is the most destructive and distributed nematodes in these cultivated areas. Morphological studies based on perineal pattern morphology of Meloidogyne species revealed that M. incognita and M. javanica were the two predominant species in the grain production areas South Africa. Molecular studies of Meloidogyne based on the COI and NADH5 genes of the mtDNA and the D2-D3 segments of 28S rDNA indicated that the populations studied belonged to those species. However, the phylogenetic position of these species is still unresolved. Identification of the species based on the SCAR-PCR also showed M. javanica and M. incognita as the most dominant species. In conclusion, this study represents an extensive initiative to get a better understanding of the Meloidogyne spp. as well as other plant parasitic nematodes that currently hamper local grain seed production.

Biography:

Asad AlKhader has completed his PhD in Horticulture and Crop Science from University of Jordan in 2012; MSc in Soil and Irrigation from the same university. He is working as a Researcher on soil water and nutrient management issues at National Center for Agricultural Research and Extension (NCARE). He has published five papers in reputed journals and has been serving as a member of fertilizer committee in his country (Jordan). He is also disseminating new irrigation and fertigation technologies among farmers through a pilot project implemented in irrigated areas in Jordan.

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: The scarcity of water resources in Jordan and increasing concerns for groundwater pollution by agricultural contaminants make it important to improve irrigation and fertilization efficiency. Under such arid situations, water and nitrogen are regarded as the most important limiting factors for crop production. Fertigation provides an excellent opportunity to improve crop yield and enhance its quality, and minimize environmental pollution by controlling fertilizers and irrigation water application. Watermelon is one of the major irrigated vegetable crops in Jordan and responds well to fertilization. The objective of the current study was to determine the optimum level of N applied by drip fertigation for higher watermelon yield and quality.

Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: A field trial was conducted to investigate the effect of five different levels of nitrogen (N0=0, N1=10, N2=20, N3=30 and N4=40 ppm N) on crop yield and fruit quality of watermelon. Nitrogen (ammonium sulfate form) was applied through injection into the drip irrigation system (fertigation). Irrigation events were scheduled using soil moisture tensiometer and evaporation Class A-pan.

Findings: The results of the study indicated that addition of N using fertigation had a significant effect on yield parameters represented by the total and commercial yields, total dry matter, average plant yield, fruit number per plant, and total fruit number per ha. Crop yield increased significantly with increasing N level in the irrigation water, as follows: N4=N3>N2=N1>N0. Additionally, increasing the level of N induced significant increases in the length of the fruit. A significant effect for the N level on irrigation water use efficiency was, also, noticed.

Conclusion & Significance: Fertigation can be considered an efficient and significant method in the delivery of N to watermelon, as the crop yield and, to some extent, fruit quality can be improved.

Recommendations: It is recommended to apply N fertilizers to the watermelon crop via irrigation water at a concentration of 30 to 40 ppm N, and at a rate of 70 to 95 kg N/ha, under similar environmental conditions. 

Biography:

Idris Abd Ghani has expertise in integrated pest management focusing on maximizing the use of reared and field natural enemy populations. He is always referred to for pest management program. He is currently working on developing integrated approach for controlling red palm weevil and research on the main oil palm pollinator.

Abstract:

Biography:

Rubinovich L completed his Graduation from Hebrew University of Jerusalem and has expertise in sub-tropical crops, especially avocado. Among his avocado-related research topics are: Improving frost tolerance using frost mitigation techniques; Identifying the physiological factors involved in frost tolerance and sensitivity; Development of frost-tolerant avocado plants; Development of avocado tissue culture; Development of new high-quality varieties; and Improving yield and lowering alternate bearing.

Abstract:

Avocado (Persea americana) is an important evergreen fruit crop, grown in several countries with tropical and subtropical climates. Damage from frost, an environmental condition in which the temperature drops below the freezing point of water, is a key factor in reducing avocado crop yields; for example, during 2016 economic loss from frost damaged avocado in Israel was estimated at 15 million USD. In many cases, frost damage can be significantly reduced by active measures such as stirring air layers with wind machines and sprinkling water over trees during the frost. However, little is known about the efficacy of these methods in avocado orchards. The present study aimed to evaluate and compare the efficiency of several frost mitigation techniques in commercial avocado orchards in Israel. For this purpose, over-canopy water irrigation sprinklers (WIS), a horizontal wind machine (HWM), and a vertical wind machine (VWM) were deployed and operated during several consecutive frost events. Frost mitigation efficiency was assessed by measuring air temperature and bud damage, and by assessing flowering intensity in the following spring. Of the tested methods: WIS successfully raised air temperature, reduced bud damage and maintained high flowering intensity; similar effects were observed with the HWM at ranges up to 150 or 50 m`, respectively, when the air could or could not pass freely between the trees; in contrast, the positive effect of VWM in frost damage prevention was very minor, extending only for 20 m`. In conclusion, among the different methods examined in this study, WIS appeared to show the best overall efficiency in frost damage prevention. Further research should be conducted, to confirm and extend these results.

Biography:

Samaporn Saengyot has completed her PhD at the age of 34 years from Kasetsart University, Thailand she is the a lecturer in plant protection program teaching and conducting research in as well as extension work basically in biological control of insect pests and weeds and integrated pest management at Maejo University which is one of the rural universities in Thailand. Currently, she is also in the process of establishing a research and training center provisionally called “Maejo University Biological Control Technology Learning Center” (MJU-BCTLC) to conduct research and training in biological control of insect pests and weeds and pest management technology. 

Abstract:

The highlight of biological control in Thailand began in 1975. Both augmentative and classical biological control were carried out covering a wide variety of insect pests, some on a stand-alone basis and some as a component within the context of an integrated pest management system. Altogether more than 10 species of natural enemies were utilized in augmentative biological control, while more than 30 species of insect natural enemies were introduced into the country.  In addition there were introductions of more than 40 species of insect natural enemies from Thailand for biological control in other countries within and outside the ASEAN region. All of these activities have resulted to a significant degree in a number of a short-term, medium-term, and long-term national, regional and international cooperation and collaboration projects in biological control.

Biography:

Gurudatt M Hegde has completed his PhD in Plant Pathology from the University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, and Karnataka, India. He is a recipient of gold medals for the Academic performance during his MSc Agri. and PhD. He has sizeable number of national and international publications to his credit. Currently, he is working as Assistant Professor of Plant Pathology in the Institute of Organic Farming, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, India with focused research on use of biofungicides for the management of plant diseases under laboratory, polyhouse and field conditions. He is also involved in mass production of biofungicides to cater the needs of farming community. He has visited Kazakhstan, Israel, USA (Nebraska State) and Srilanka for presentation of research information and trainings on Integrated Pest and Disease Management. 

Abstract:

Cocoa is an important commercial plantation crop of the world. Cocoa is a crop of humid tropics and so it was introduced as a mixed crop in India in areas where the environments suit the crop. It is cultivated in coconut and areca nut plantations in large scale from 1970 onwards. It is grown as an under storey intercrop with sufficient shade in southern states of India. In India, the current production is about 12,000 Metric Tons. Diseases are major risk to productivity and quality of harvest which in turn affects the returns to the farmers. This crop suffers heavily due to pod rot disease caused by Phytophthora palmivira causing yield loss up to 60 per cent. To overcome the pod rot disease, menace the experiment was conducted during 2012-13 and 2013-14 in the farmer’s field of Sirsi taluk of Uttara Kannada district. The results revealed that, sequential spray of Metalaxyl MZ 68WP at 0.2% followed by Pseudomonas fluorescens at 1% at 15 days interval has significantly reduced the pod rot disease severity in Cocoa (20.07%). This is followed by Mancozeb at 0.25% Pseudomonas fluorescens at 1%, and Bordeaux mixture (1%) - Pseudomonas fluorescens at 1%. The reduction in disease severity has reflected in increase in yields of cocoa. The plots sprayed with Metalaxyl MZ 68WP - Pseudomonas fluorescens has recorded highest yields of 518.21 kg of dry beans/ha followed by 436.17 and 433.63 kg/ha respectively in Mancozeb - Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bordeaux mixture- Pseudomonas fluorescens. The maximum disease severity was recorded in untreated control plots (46.15%) with the yields of 337.27 kg/ha. The highest net returns of Rs. 62,007 (approx. 1000USD) were recorded in Metalaxyl MZ 68WP-Pseudomonas fluorescens sprayed plots. Thus, integration of chemicals with biological control agents was found promising in management of pod rot disease of Cocoa. 

Biography:

P.Nagaraju has completed PhD in Plant Pathology from University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, India. And at present, is working as Senior Scientist (Plant Pathology) in All India Co-ordinated Improvement Project on groundnut, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, India. He has got rich experience for more than 20 years in research, teaching and extension. He has published more than 20 research papers in reputed journals in national and international journals.

Abstract:

A field experiment was carried out during wet seasons in 2012, 2013 and 2014 at Main Agricultural Research Station, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, India to know the effect of different integrated management practices against major diseases (late leaf spot, rust and stem rot) of groundnut. Among different integrated management practices, seed treatment with Tebuconazole (@1.5 g/kg) and two sprays of Tebuconazole (@1.0 ml/L) had controlled late leaf spot most effectively by recording the lowest percent disease index (PDI) of 21.57. The same treatment was also found significantly effective against rust and stem rot also (18.02 and 4.58 PDI, respectively). However, maximum pod yield was recorded in seed treatment with Mancozeb (@3.0 g/kg) and two sprays of Hexaconazole (@1.0 ml/L) (3477.08 kg/ha) followed by soil application of Trichoderma harzianum (@ 4.0 kg/ha) + Neem cake (@250 kg/ha) and two sprays of Hexaconazole (@1.0 ml/L) (3243.64 kg/ha). On the basis of economics, seed treatment with Mancozeb (@3.0 g/kg) and two sprays of Hexaconazole (@1.0 ml/L) has been found to be the most remunerative management practice with a cost benefit ratio of 1:3.41.

Biography:

Tanzima Yeasmin completed his PhD, Master’s degree and BSc in Biochemistry at Rajshahi University, Bangladesh in 2002, 1991 and 1986 respectively. He has extended his valuable service as a Professor in 2008 and has been a recipient of many award and grants. Currently, he is working as a Professor in Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology at University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh. His international experience includes various programs, contributions and participation in different countries for diverse fields of study. His research interests as a Professor reflect in his wide range of publications in various national and international journals. 

Abstract:

Food production is increased more than three times. This success is due to high yielding crop varieties, agrochemicals, irrigation system and chemical fertilizers. High input use has led to increased land degradation, pest resistance, loss of soil fertility, nutrient imbalance and depletion of soil organic matter etc. In the light of these problems, the use of organic fertilizers, biofertilizers i.e. microbial products are crucial to make the agriculture industry a viable component of a healthy and pleasant ecosystem. Thus, incorporation of the natural roles of beneficial microorganisms in maintaining soil fertility and plant productivity is gaining importance and may be an important approach. To identify mycorrhizal occurrence and association among different plants in Rajshahi university campus, mycorrizal association was observed and percentage of root colonization were varied from 10-90%. Symbiotic association of about 85% plants with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi plays an essential role in plant growth, plant protection. AMF improve phosphate intake for the plants when phosphate availability is limited; and hence, beneficial to plant growth. The frequency of mycorrhizal infection was significantly correlated with soil pH, moisture, water holding capacity, texture, total nitrogen, organic, calcium, magnesium, potassium etc. This investigation showed that especially phosphorus and nitrogen in the soil greatly influenced the plant root infection by AM. Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal spores were extracted from rizhosphere soils using sucrose density gradient centrifugation, wet sieving method. Codiaeum variegatum could be considered as the initial natural source of AM and used as the stock plant to provide inoculum of AM for biofertilizer. Inoculation with AMF improves plant growth and productivity, nutrient profile, and thereby crop improvement. AMF could be used as a biofertilizers in the future towards sustainable agriculture in reducing problems associated with the use of chemicals.

Biography:

Parashuram Chandravasnshi has expertise in Soil Nutrient Management, and having experience in teaching, research and extension methodology adopted for soil sampling and developed soil information system for nutrient and cropping pattern. In 11 years of experience, he has published more than 25 research papers and attended 15 international and national conferences especially on soil fertility and sustainability.

Abstract:

The investigation was conducted to study the soil fertility status of available macro and micronutrient in Nicchapura-2 micro watershed of Davanagere district. 103 soil samples were collected grid-wise by using cadastral map of study area and were analyzed for their fertility. The value of pH, electrical conductivity, and organic carbon was ranged from 6.2 to 8.7, 0.11 to 0.84 dS m^-1 and 3.1 to 5.6 g kg^-1 respectively. The available N, P₂O₅, K₂O, was ranged from 135 to 236 kg ha^-1, 10 to 34 kg ha^-1,130 to 415 kg ha^-1, 8.1 to 38.1 cmol (p⁺) kg^-1, 6.3 to 26.2 cmol (p+) kg^-1 and 6.3 to 12.1 ppm respectively. Available micronutrients iron, manganese, zincs and copper was ranged from 0.58 to 5.92 mg kg^-1, 0.60 to 10.83 mg kg^-1, 0.01 to 0.41 mg kg^-1, 0.06 to 4.81 mg kg^-1 respectively. Available micronutrients such as zinc and iron are deficient but copper and manganese were sufficient in these soils of micro-watershed. The study concluded that available nutrients content are low to medium in red soils. The black soils show high phosphorus than red soils. These variations of phosphorus in soils may be due to variation in soil properties like clay content, CEC and P fixation capacity. The exchangeable Ca and Mg content were sufficient surface samples. Low in available sulphur content may be because of acidic reaction, low EC and OC values in both black and red soils. Available micronutrients such as zinc and iron are deficient but copper and manganese were sufficient in these soils of micro-watershed.

Biography:

Dinesh Kumar M is working as a Professor and Head in Department of Agronomy. He has been serving for the university for the past 30 years. He got vast experience in research and teaching along with extension work. He has expertise in nutrient management aspects and guided more than 10 students. Presently, he is working in precision aspects of inputs for crop management. He has published 100+ papers in national, international journals and also participated in national and international symposiums.

Abstract:

Karnataka state stands third in India for coconut accounting 13.83 per cent of the country's production. At present, there is uniform recommendation of major nutrients (170:120:400 and 330:200:800 g NPK for young and old palm) across soils of various agro-climatic zones. Farmers are practicing blind application of fertilizers based on many other considerations than plants requirement leading to mismatch of fertilizers, loss of resource management also higher incidence of pests and diseases. A study was undertaken to assess the nutrient variability in the farmer’s field to derive site specific recommendations for readdressing the major nutrient recommendations for improving the garden fertility status for sustainable yields. Spatial distribution of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were studied from 99 coconut farmers covering 195 acres of 20-25 years old representing different irrigation situations. The standard technique of grid method with a spacing of 50x50 m was employed to drawn soil samples from the selected study area in 0-30 and 30-60 cm depth with geographical identity by GPS. The standard lab techniques are used to find major nutrients in samples and mapped on GIS environment. Across all locations nitrogen status remained low, phosphorus shared medium to high status in equal proportion and top soil depth of 0-30 cm remained high status with 68 percent for potassium. Based on these site specific variations, rescheduling of major nutrients emphasized slightly higher application of nitrogen, less application of potassium with almost no perceptible change in application of phosphorus. Re-allocation of major nutrients based on site specificity in different study area encourages sustainability production. 

Biography:

Basavaraj Naik is working as Associate Professor of Agronomy at University of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Shivamogga. He has been working as Senior Farm Superintendent at Bhavikere Research Station, involved in seed production, teaching and guiding PG students in various field of crop production under University of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Shivamogga. He has conducted nearly about 15 research experiments on crop production of different fertilizer levels and health management, nutrient studies, and soil and tillage conservation methods. During four years of extension services, many technologies has been transformed through field demonstrations, on farm technology and on farm testing research trails in the farmers’ field and research stations. He has also worked as station superintendent for the period of nine years for identifying tools for effective farm management tools. During eleven years of his services, he has attended national and international conferences and published 20 research papers, 10 research abstracts, eight research notes and five technical bulletins and one book chapters in national and international journals.

Abstract:

A field experiment was conducted during kharif 2010 under rainfed condition on red sandy loam soil to study the effect of farmyard manure and bio-digester liquid manure on soil microbial activity and yield of rain fed maize (Zea mays L.) at Agricultural Research Station, University of Agricultural Sciences (Bangalore), Bhavikere, Tarikere taluk. The experiment was laid out in randomize complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. There were totally 13 treatments in combination compassion of different levels farmyard manure (7.5, 10 and 12.5 t ha^-1) and bio-digester liquid manure equivalent (75, 100, 125 and 150 kg N ha^-1) compared with control (FYM 7.5 t ha^-1 + RDF: 100:50:25 kg NPK ha^-1). Application of 12.5 t ha^-1 FYM + bio-digester liquid manure equivalent at 150 kg N ha^-1 recorded significantly higher microbial population in soil after the crop harvest (50.5×10⁶ CFU g^-1, 26.0×10⁴ CFU g^-1, 23.8×10³ CFU g^-1 of total bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes, respectively), grain weight per cob (105.2 g), number of seeds per cob (421.0), number of rows per cob (15.1 g), cob girth (15.6 cm) and cob length (17.0 cm), grain yield (56.2 q ha^-1) and straw yield (108.9 q ha^-1) compared with remaining treatments and recorded lower microbial population with application of FYM at 7.5 t ha^-1 + bio-digester liquid manure equivalent to 75 kg N ha^-1 (32.3×10⁶ CFU g^-1, 13.8×10⁴ CFU g^-1, 9.5×10³ CFU g^-1, of total bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes, respectively), attributes grain weight per cob (87.8 g), number of seeds per cob (390.3), number of rows per cob (9.8 g), cob length (9.2 cm), grain yield (42.2 q ha^-1) and straw yield (85.4 q ha^-1). 

Biography:

Kumar Naik A H is serving as an Agronomist with a research experience of five years in the area of Castor and Groundnut. He is currently working on ICAR-All India Coordinated Research Project at Hiriyur University of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Shivamogga (India). He has expertise in castor and groundnut and noted for his contributions in the field of castor and released five technologies in castor and published more than 30 research papers in the research journals

Abstract:

Acquiring knowledge on weed control in castor crop is still limited, and new research into this area is necessary. A field experiment was conducted during 2012, 2013 and 2014 to find out most suitable and cost effective weed management practice for rain fed castor on the medium black soils of Central Dry Zone of Karnataka. The experiment consist of ten treatments involving two pre-emergence herbicides (trifluralin and pendimethalin) alone and in combination with hand weeding/inter-cultivation, inter-cropping of castor+groundnut (1:3 ratio), three weeding (20, 40 and 60 DAS), farmers’ practice (one weeding at 20 DAS fb two inter-cultures at 45 and 60 DAS), two post emergence herbicides (Quizalofop ethyl and fenoxaprop-p- ethyl, both at 50 g/ha at 25 DAS) and weedy check. The pooled results of three seasons revealed that pre-emergence application of pendimethalin at 1.0 kg/ha fb one inter-cultivation at 40 DAS resulted in better weed control efficiency and seed yield (1612 kg/ha) and B:C ratio (4.3) comparable to farmers’ practice (1332 kg/ha) and three weeding (1995 kg/ha). Herbicides controlled grasses gave moderate yield comparable to farmers’ fields. Weedy check reduced the yield by 76% due to severe competition offered by grasses and broad leaf weeds. The large scale demonstration on five farmers’ fields in Chitradurga district also revealed that pendimethalin at 1.0 kg/ha fb one inter-cultivation at 40 DAS (1477 kg/ha and 3.90) gave seed yield and B:C ratio comparable to farmers’ practice of weed control (1493 kg/ha and 3.70).

Biography:

Sapna has completed Msc. Biochemistry from Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, hisar. She is doing in service Phd from Jamia Hamdard University, Delhi. She is working as a scientist, Biochemistry at ICAR-Indian Institute of Maize Research, Ludhiana, India, a premier institute for agriculture in the Ministry of Agriculture. She has published more than 10 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an editorial board member of reputed journals. She has a wide experience of working in nutritional quality of maize with specialization in carotenoids.

Abstract:

The present investigations were done to standardize the storage techniques for total carotenoids and B-carotene in maizes as carotenoids are subject to destruction on storage. Thirteen public and private hybrids as well as composites taken for the study were stored using different storage techniques. Total catoenoids were estimated using standard procedure whereas b-carotene which is a precursor for vitamin-A was standardized by using Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography on an interval of 2 months and its degradation was modelled during storage. The results showed that lyophilized seed showed minimum destruction of carotenoids and highest nutritive value and metal bin was the next strategic option to be followed to check the carotenoids destruction. In contrast, mud bin was having highest level of destruction. Carotenoids content and hence vitamin-A activity decreased markedly with time. Rate of degradation of b-carotene was less in lyophilized seeds as compared to other storage techniques. The average shelf-life at room temperature was approximately six months for total carotenoids while much less for b-carotene.

Biography:

Anandakumar B M completed his PhD in Water Management and Soil Conservation from Kuvempu University, Karnataka. He joined as Assistant Professor in extension education unit of the university and presently working as Principal of Diploma (Agri) at College of Kathalagere and involved in research, teaching and extension activities of the programmes. During the period of his services, he attended national and international conferences and published 10 research papers, nine research abstracts, 10 research notes and 15 technical bulletins and two book chapters in national and international journal.

Abstract:

Cashew is a cash crop having good export potentiality in gaining foreign exchange. The soil and water conservation measures were lack in coastal zone of Karnataka. In view of this, the present study was conducted in Ariyapu village, which is situated in coastal zone of Karnataka (zone-10) with operational area of putter Taluk, Dakshina Kannada District. The experiment was laid out in plot design with three replication having 108 plants in interaction between soil and water conservation measures and integrated nutrient levels were responded in normal planting. The experimental plants were seven years old with space of 8x6 m. the trench across the slope on four side conservation recorded highest cashew nut (10.79q/ha and 11.48q/ha during 2009 and 2010 respectively) yield in combination of organic and inorganic fertilizer levels. Similarly moisture content was also improved in the conservation method of trench across the slope on four side conservations.

Biography:

Parashuram Chandravasnhi completed his PhD in Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry at University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore. He became Assistant Professor in 2007 and completed 11 years in teaching, research and extension. Presently, he is working as Senior Farm Superintendent at ZAHRS, Hiriyur under University of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Shivamogga. He worked as Junior Soil Scientist under All India Co-ordinated Research Project (ICAR) for a period of four years and conducted nearly about 35 research experiments on soil health management, nutrient studies, and soil and tillage conservation methods. During four years of extension services many technology has been transformed through field demonstrations, on farm technology and on farm testing research trails in the farmers’ field and research stations. He has also worked as station superintendent for the period of three years for identifying tools for effective farm management tools. During 11 years of his services, he has attended national and international conferences and published 15 research papers, 15 research abstracts, 10 research notes and 15 technical bulletins and 2 book chapters in national and international journal.

Abstract:

A field experiment was conducted at Main Centre for Integrated Farming System Research located at Agricultural and Horticultural Research Station, Kathalagere, Davanagere (Karnataka), India comes under the Southern Transitional Zone of Karnataka (Zone-7) during summer 2007 to 20012 under protective irrigation condition of Bhadra Command area to study the effect of integrated nutrient management on growth, yield, uptake of nutrients and economics of groundnut production. The results revealed that application of 100% NPK+secondary and micro-nutrients based on soil test (10 kg ZnSO₄ ha^-1) has recorded higher dry pod yield (1953 kg ha^-1), kernel yield (1555 kg ha^-1), haulm yield (3617 kg ha^-1), harvest index (0.57), net returns (Rs. 71717) and benefit cost ratio (2.34) as compared to all other organic farming practices. This might be due to higher growth and yield attributes such as plant height (57.86 cm), number of branches plant^-1 (7.20), pods plant^-1 (30.12), dry pod weight (29.32 g plant^-1), 100 pod weight (28.50 g) and shelling percentage (79.64). Thus, the treatment receiving 100% NPK+secondary and micro-nutrients based on soil test (10 kg ZnSO₄ ha^-1) is better for realizing higher growth, yield attributes, yield and net returns as compared to all other organic farming packages.

Biography:

A field experiment was conducted during Kharif season of 2016 to study the effect of organic nutrient management practices on growth and yield of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) in sandy loam soils of Zonal Agricultural and Horticultural Research Station, Navile Shivamogga, Karnataka. Among the different nutrient management treatments, application of recommended dose of FYM along with 100% N equivalent vermicompost has recorded significantly higher grain yield (10.89 q/ha) as compared to rest of the treatments. Similarly higher pods per plant (223.3 pods/plant) test weight (11.3 g/100 seeds) yield per plant (84 g/plant) also recorded with the same treatment and it was closely followed by application of recommended dose of FYM along with application of 100% N equivalent FYM. Maximum soil microbial population at different growth stages were also observed in the treatment which received recommended dose of FYM along with 100% N equivalent vermicompost.

Abstract:

Pradeep S is currently working at Organic Farming Research Station, Karnataka, India.

Biography:

Sapna has completed Msc. Biochemistry from Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, hisar. She is doing in service Phd from Jamia Hamdard University, Delhi. She is working as a scientist, Biochemistry at ICAR-Indian Institute of Maize Research, Ludhiana, India, a premier institute for agriculture in the Ministry of Agriculture. She has published more than 10 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an editorial board member of reputed journals. She has a wide experience of working in nutritional quality of maize with specialization in carotenoids.

Abstract:

Maize is the third most important cereal crop of the world. Maize silk (Zea mays L.) refers to the stigmas from the female flower of the maizeand present in abundance after maize harvest. It contains carbohydrates, proteins, Ca, K, Mg, vitamins fixed and volatile oils, steroids such as sitosterol and stigmasterol, saponins, alkaloids, tannins, and flavonoids. Methanolic extract of corn silk has very high antioxidant activity. The male wistar rats were orally administered with corn silk extract and their blood glucose was significantly decreased in streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemic mice in Type-II diabetes, whereas the level of insulin secretion was increased markedly in streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemic. The streptozotocin -damaged pancreatic β-cells were partly recovered gradually after the rats were administered with maize silk extract. However, maize silk extract increased the level of hepatic glycogen in the streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemic rats; there was no significant difference in the control group. The study suggests that maize silk extract can be a potential hypoglycemic or antidiabetic agent in terms of this modern pharmacological industry and can acts as a connection between agriculture and medicine.

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Zaheer Ahmad Nazar is currently working at University of the Punjab, Pakistan.

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