Mohamed Abdelkader
Agricultural Research Centre
Egypt
Title: Wheat stem rust and climatic changes in Egypt during the last five years
Biography
Biography: Mohamed Abdelkader
Abstract
Stem rust of wheat, caused by the fungus Puccinia graminis Pers. f. sp. tritici Eriks. & E. Henn., was the most destructive disease of wheat worldwide and Egypt, particularly on the late sowings e. Successful control of the disease over three decades through the use of genetic resistance has resulted in a sharp decline in research activity in recent years. Performance of Egyptian wheat varieties and stem rust resistant genes were changed during the last five years. Most of our varieties were resistant to stem rust infection at adult stages in the field and it become susceptible, also stem rust resistant genes were in the parallel line. This changes correlated to climatic change specially the temperature and humidity. Temperature and humidity increase at the last year and height infection type were observed on these Cvs. and stem rust resistant genes. Most of these genes were temperature sensitive (Sr 6,12,13, 15, 17, 22, 34, 38). Cvs. Giza 168, Misri-1 and Misri-2 have the highest disease severities reflected to changing on temperature degrees.