Day 2 :
Keynote Forum
Jianlong Xu
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
Keynote: Selective introgression lines-based QTL mapping and QTL-designed breeding in rice
Time : 00:00
Biography:
Jianlong Xu got PhD degree on Crop Genetics & Breeding in 2001 in Zhejiang University, China. After finishing postdoctoral career of molecular rice breeding for two years at IRRI, he joined the Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy Agricultural Sciences, focusing on gene mapping and favorable allele mining for molecular rice breeding in high yield, high grain quality, abiotic and biotic stress tolerance. So far, he has published 70 papers in international journals, obtained four provincial awards and 13 patents.
Abstract:
Advances in re-sequencing and fast phenotyping technologies greatly facilitate gene mapping and favorable allele mining of important agronomic traits from germplasms and mapping populations in crops. However, separation of QTL mapping studies from breeding practice results in difficult use of most mapping results in breeding program due to sensitivity of QTL to genetic background and environment. Here, we proposed a selective introgression line strategy to tightly connect QTL mapping and QTL-designed breeding together. Using three sets of trait-specific introgression lines (ILs) in a Xian (indica) variety Huanghuazhan (HHZ) background, we identified nine drought tolerance QTL (DT-QTL) and seven low nitrogen tolerance QTL (LNT-QTL) by a segregation distortion approach and a genome-wide association study, respectively. Based on performances of DT and LNT and genotypes at the detected QTL, two ILs M79 and M387 with DT and LNT were selected for cross-making to validate the identified QTL and to develop DT and LNT rice lines by pyramiding two DT-QTL (qDT3.9 and qDT6.3) and two LNT-QTL (qGY1 and qSF8). Using four pairs of kompetitive allele specific PCR (KASP) SNP markers, we selected 66 F2 individuals with different combinations of the target DT- and LNT-QTL favorable alleles and they showed expected improvement in DT and/or LNT, which were further validated by the significant improvement in DT and/or LNT of their F3 progeny testing. Based on evaluation of pyramiding lines in F3 lines under drought, low nitrogen (LN) and normal conditions, four promising pyramiding lines having different QTL favorable alleles were selected, which showed significantly improved tolerances to drought and/or LN than HHZ and their IL parents. Our results demonstrated that trait-specific ILs could effectively connect QTL mapping and QTL pyramiding breeding, and designed QTL pyramiding (DQP) using ILs could be more effective in molecular rice breeding for complex quantitative traits.
Location: Olimpia 3
Session Introduction
Mehrzad Honarvar
Islamic Azad University, Iran
Title: The first report on factors affecting tissue culture of Thymus Transcaspicus Klokov from Iran
Biography:
Mehrazd Honarvar currently working as Asst. Professor of Hort. Science, Department of Horticultural Science, Branch of Biotechnology and Medicinal Plants, Estahban Branch, Islamic Azad University, Estahban, Iran.
Abstract:
Khorasani thyme (Thymus transcaspicus Klokov) is an important thyme species of Lamiaceae family. This species is an evergreen and aromatic herb with culinary and medicinal use. Thymus transcaspicus is distributed in Iran and Turkmenistan. There is no report on in vitro propagation of Khorasani thyme. This study was conducted in Thymus transcaspicus for studying the factors affecting tissue culture on this species for the first time. For this purpose, different concentrations of BAP (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1.5, 2 and 3 mg l-1) and IBA (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 mg l-1) were added into MS and MS/2 media. The best result for disinfection obtained with the using 70% alcohol for 5 sec. and 20% Clorox for 10 min. The results indicated that MS/2 medium was more effective in terms of explant growth compared with MS medium. The results demonstrated that, application of 1.5 mg l-1 IBA plus 0.5 mg l-1 BAP increased plant height, leaf width, and internode length as well as internode number. Furthermore, application of 1 mg l-1 IBA plus 3 mg l-1 BAP increased leaf length, fresh and dry weight and plant number. According to the results, application of 1.5 mg l-1 IBA improved root number and root length, while application of 1 and 2 mg l-1 increased root diameter in thyme plants.
Zhirayr Chitchyan
Armenian National Agrarian University, Armenia
Title: Yield and quality of brine-ripened cheeses, production from the milk of Jersey and Simmental cows
Biography:
Zhirayr Chitchyan is a Lecturer of the Chair of Animal Husbandry and a Research Scientist in Armenian National Agrarian University (2016-present). He received a Doctor of Philosophy in Agricultural Sciences in Animal Husbandry, Armenian National Agrarian University (2014-2017). He completed Bachelor's Degree in Agricultural Economics, Armenian National Agrarian University (2008-2012) and Master`s Degree in The Insurance job in Agri food system, Armenian National Agrarian University (2012-1014). He is Research worker in The Appear project Building Organic Agriculture in Armenia BOAA, responsible for organic animal production in ICARE Armenia (2018-present). He is a Coordinator of training courses within the frames of the program of State Assistance to construction of "smart farms" in the Republic of Armenia (2019-2021). He was the Research Scientist of the project << The research of biological and economic characteristics of imported cattle breeds to the Republic of Armenia>> in Scientific Center of Risk Assessment and Analysis in Food Safety Area SNCO (2016-2018).
Abstract:
Research has been conducted in Lusadzor community of Tavoush province in Armenia to determine the processability of milk samples collected from Jersey and Simmental cows for cheese manufacturing. The chemical composition as well as physical–chemical and technological parameters of the milk samples have been analyzed experimentally. In addition, the researchers estimated physical, chemical and organoleptic parameters as well as the yield of the cheese produced from the bulk milk collected from Jersey and Simmental cows. The results of the research proved that the milk samples collected from Jersey and Simmental cows possess the necessary physical–chemical and technological properties and can be used as high-quality raw material for manufacturing brine-ripened (pickled) cheese. The highest content of dry matter, observed in the milk collected from Jersey cows, stemmed from the high contents of fat, protein and minerals. The content of lactose (milk sugar) and physical characteristics (density, freezing temperature) did not vary significantly across the samples. The rennet clots formed in the milk collected from Jersey cows were characterized by higher structural–mechanical parameters and syneresis. Jersey milk possesses the qualitative characteristics that best contribute to high cheese yield, which allows for the most efficient cheese production. Cheese manufactured from Jersey milk is distinguished by less water content, higher fat and protein contents and higher organoleptic indicators, which all together improve the quality of cheese turning it into a highly competitive product.
Adamu Muhammad
Kebbi State University of Science and Technology, Nigeria
Title: Response of potato (solanum tuberosum L.) Varieties to planting dates in Semi-arid lowland Nigeria
Biography:
Adamu Muhammad was born 46 years ago (03-09-1973) in Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi State, Nigeria. He obtained his B. Agriculture and M. Sc. Crop Science in Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria. He completed his PhD in Agronomy at the Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria. He is currently the Head of Department of Crop Science, Deputy Dean of the Postgraduate School and was one time the Director of Examinations and Registration of the Kebbi state University of Science and Technology, Aliero, Nigeria. He has published more than 40 papers in reputed journals nationally and internationally.
Abstract:
Potato is a temperate crop requiring low temperatures for growth and yield. Production of potato in the semi-arid lowland Nigeria is restricted to periods of low temperatures that prevailed from early November to late February. The general approach for potato in this region is to relate the planting date to coincide with the period of relatively low temperatures, as high temperature inhibits growth and yield. Based on the above, field experiments were conducted in two locations at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Kebbi State University of Science and Technology, Aliero, during 2016/2017 dry season. The aim was to determine the most appropriate planting date and most suitable variety in the study area. Treatments consisted of factorial combinations of four Planting dates (1st November, 15th November, 1st December and 15th December 2016) and four potato varieties (Bertita, Diamant, Lady-christl and Nicola). The experiments were laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Results revealed that stand count, plant height, number of leaves per plant, shoot dry weight, number of tubers per plant, weight of tubers per plant, mean tuber weight, mean tuber diameter and fresh tuber yield were higher when planted on 1st - 15th November. Bertita proved to be the most robust in terms of growth; and with Nicola, in terms of yield compared to the other varieties. Based on the results of this study, it could be concluded that, planting of potato from 1st November to 15th November coupled with either Bertita or Nicola give the highest potato yield in the study area.